Risk from responses to a changing climate (2023) Using examples of managed retreat and solar geoengineering, we illustrate the importance of understanding response as a determinant of climate change risk. We highlight a continuum of severity of response risks, both at the site of deployment and across temporally and geographically distant contexts.
Emissions redistribution and environmental justice implications of California's clean vehicle rebate project (2023) Here, we develop a model to analyze the implications of California’s Clean Vehicle Rebate Project (CVRP) for emissions of greenhouse gases and criteria air pollutants, both in aggregate and in their distribution. Analyzing rebates for 2010–2021, we find that the CVRP reduced aggregate statewide emissions of CO2, NOX, and SO2 and increased aggregate statewide emissions of primary PM2.5. Furthermore, changes in air pollution are not distributed equally.
Mitigation and adaptation emissions embedded in the broader climate transition (2022) Here, we use a suite of models to estimate the CO2 emissions embedded in the broader climate transition. Our results provide a holistic assessment of carbon emissions from the transition itself and suggest that these emissions can be minimized through more ambitious energy decarbonization. We argue that the emissions from mitigation, but likely much less so from adaptation, are of sufficient magnitude to merit greater consideration in climate science and policy.
The role of local narratives in emerging climate governance (2022) In this study, we examine the case of Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA, an early adopter of climate policies that faces deep inequity and worsening climate impacts. Using historical research, interviews, and policy document analysis, we (a) identify two long-term historic environmental narratives—one dominant narrative focused on economic growth and the other on environmental justice—that shape the local climate debate; (b) create a typology of contemporary climate narratives about emissions, sea level rise, climate gentrification, and resilience; and (c) analyze historic and contemporary narratives' prevalence in emergent local climate policies.
Effective climate change adaptation means supporting community autonomy (2022) Communities want to determine their own climate change adaptation strategies, and scientists and decision-makers should listen to them — both the equity and efficacy of climate change adaptation depend on it. We outline key lessons researchers and development actors can take to support communities and learn from them.
Determinants of emissions pathways in the coupled climate-social system (2022) Here we identify relevant feedback processes documented across a range of disciplines and connect them in a stylized model of the climate–social system. An analysis of model behaviour reveals the potential for nonlinearities and tipping points that are particularly associated with connections across the individual, community, national and global scales represented.
A systematic global stocktake of evidence on human adaptation to climate change (2021) We systematically screened >48,000 articles using machine learning methods and a global network of 126 researchers. Our synthesis of the resulting 1,682 articles presents a systematic and comprehensive global stocktake of implemented human adaptation to climate change.
Equity in human adaptation-related responses: A systematic global review (2021) Through an extensive examination of peer-reviewed research documenting adaptation responses, this article analyzes the extent to which eight historically marginalized social groups were considered in planning or implementation of adaptation across regions and sectors.
Global evidence of constraints and limits to human adaptation (2021) We conduct a systematic review of 1,682 academic studies on human adaptation responses to identify patterns in constraints and limits to adaptation for different regions, sectors, hazards, adaptation response types, and actors. These findings provide early signposts for boundaries of human adaptation and are of high relevance for guiding proactive adaptation financing and governance from local to global scales.
Reframing strategic, managed retreat for transformative climate adaptation (2021) Here we integrate research on retreat, transformational adaptation, climate damages and losses, and design anddecision support to chart a roadmap for strategic, managed retreat. At its core, this roadmap requires afundamental reconceptualization of what it means for retreat to be strategic and managed.
Climate change adaptation to extreme heat: a global systematic review of implemented action (2021) Here, we combine data from the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative with a heat-specific systematic review to analyze the global extent and diversity of documented heat adaptation actions (n = 301 peer-reviewed articles). Data from 98 countries suggest that documented heat adaptations fundamentally differ by geographic region and national income.
Sector interactions, multiple stressors, and complex systems(2018) Sectors are interacting and interdependent through physical, social, institutional, environmental, and economic linkages. These sectors and the interactions among them are affected by a range of climate-related and non-climate influences.